The title should give the reader what the paper is about. Therefore, it should be brief and informative. Use common names for crops and avoid abbreviations. The usual limit for a title is 12 nouns (that is, not counting “the”, “of”, “and”, etc.

Footnotes are generally not encouraged, but may be used if absolutely necessary. Number any footnotes consecutively.

References in the text of the paper should follow the author-date system (e.g., Sadeghi, 2015; Collard and Mackill 2009; Singh et al. 2017) with no comma between author name and date. Use the following examples in references which should be listed alphabetically at the end of your paper.

• Journal article

  Sadeghi, B. 2015 Zizyphus mauritiana extract-mediated green and rapid synthesis of gold nanoparticles and its antibacterial activity. Journal of Nanostructure in Chemistry 5: 265–273.

  Collard, B.C.Y. and D.J. Mackill. 2009. Start codon targeted (SCoT) polymorphism: a simple, novel DNA marker technique for generating gene-targeted markers in plants. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter 27(1):86-93

  Singh, S.K., S. Chhajer, R. Pathak, R.K. Bhatt and R.K. Kalia. 2017. Genetic diversity of Indian Jujube cultivars using SCoT, ISSR and rDNA markers. Tree Genetics and Genomes 13:12-18.

• Books

  Maude RB. 1996. Seed-borne diseases and their control: Principles and practice. Wallingford: CAB International. p 280.
  Rawson, H. 1981. A Dioctionary of Euphemisms and Other Doubletalk. Crown Publishers, New York, NY, USA.

• Chapter in a Book

  Bari, A., A. Della and J. Konopka. 1998. Locating diversity using germplasm passport data and herbarium records: case of Aegilops in Cyprus. Pages 53-56. in Use of Triticeae in Wheat Improvement (A.A. Jaradat, ed.). Science Publishers, Enfield, NH, USA.
  N.B.:- Do not capitalize the chapter title, but capitalize the book title.

• Chapter in Symposium Proceedings

  Amri, A., J. Valkoun, M. Ajlouni, R. Assi, Y. Sbeith and A. Saad. 2003. Promotion of insitu conservation of dryland agrobiodiversity in West Asia. Pages 38-39 in Sustainable development and management of dry lands in the 21st century: Proceedings of theSeventh International Conference on Development of Dry Lands. 14-17 September 2003, Tehran, Iran.

  Hawtin, G.C. 1982. The genetic improvement of faba bean. Pages 15-32 in Faba Bean Improvement: Proceedings of the Faba Bean Conference (G. Hawtin and C. Webb, eds.), ICARDA/IFAD Nile Valley Project, 7-11 M arch 1981, Cairo, Egypt. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, The Hague, The Netherlands.

  N.B.:- In the second example there is no need to repeat the sponsor’s address in publisher’s place as the sponsor’s address and the location of the conference are the same, and the sponsor is the publisher of the proceedings volume.

• Entire Proceedings

  Hawtin, G. and C. Webb (eds.). 1982. Faba Bean Improvement: Proceedings of the Faba Bean Conference (G. Hawtin and C. Webb, eds.), ICARDA/IFAD Nile Valley project, 7-11 March 1981, Cairo, Egypt. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, The Hague, The Netherlands.

  ICRISAT (International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid tropics). 1975. Proceedings of the International Workshop on Grain Legumes. ICRISAT, 18-20 January, Hyderabad, India. ICRISAT, Patancheru, TS, India.

• Un-published reports and papers

  Avoid quoting the above

• Personal Communication

  Citations referring to communications which cannot be retrieved by readers should not be included in the reference list. Such communications (personal letters or verbal discussions, etc.) should be mentioned in the text as follows: …. as was recently discovered (A.B. Damania, ICARDA 1999 pers. comm.).

• Articles “in press” or “under preparation”

  Journal articles, book chapters that are accepted for publication but not published as yet can be included in the references list, but they will be without volume and/or page numbers. In this case the words (in press or under preparation) should be at the end of the reference.

Each table title should be self-explanatory. All Tables should be numbered consecutively and referred to in the text at appropriate places as Table 12 (for example). Do NOT imbed your table in the body of the paper. Include it at the end of your paper or in separate files. There should be only one table per page.

Each figure title should be self-explanatory. All figures should be numbered consecutively and referred to in the text at appropriate places as Fig. 11 (for example). Do NOT imbed your figure in the body of the paper. Include it at the end of your paper or in separate files. There should be only one figure per page.

Photographs can be submitted as *jpeg or *.tiff files only. Color photographs do not reproduce well in black and white. However, if the subject is bright they can be included.

Please use grammar and spellings as mentioned in the Webster’s New Collegiate Dictionary.

• Use a numerical or numerals

  i) For expressing any number that immediately precedes a standard unit of measure (abbreviated):

  ii) 44 g 88 mm 250 m2

• Date, etc.

  For a date, an expression of time, a page number, a percentage, a decimal quantity, or a numerical designation:

  13 April 2017 the time is 07:45 page 123
  37.8 g a magnification of 40 88%

• For a number implying arithmetical manipulation

  14 multiplied by 3 a factor of 4

• In most situations not mentioned above, use words for numbers one through nine and numerals for larger numbers:

  Four plants three flowers 12 leaves 32 pods

• In a series containing some numbers of 10 or more and some less than 10, use numerals for all:

  Germplasm scientists collected 5 genotypes of chickpea, 25 of durum wheat, 19 of faba bean, and 7 of lentil from a village near Aleppo.

• Do not begin a sentence with a numeral:

  Twenty-five seeds were sown in each pot.

• If two related numbers occur at the beginning of a sentence, only the first need be spelled out:

  Fifteen or 20 seeds were sown in each pot.

• In writing large number ending in several zeros, either substitute a word for part of the number or add an approprite prefix to a basic unit of measurement:

  1.2 million (NOT 1,200,000) 46 µg (NOT 0.000046 g)

• Use numerals for all numbers referring to figures and tables:

  Fig. 22. Table 11.

• In general, use the decimal system rather than fractions:

  About one-third of the plants in the field survived the disease.

  All surviving plants (1/3 of those sprayed) were selected for crosses.

• Dates and time

  Write the day, month and year in this form:

  28 July 1960 (NOT July 28, 1960)

• Periods or seasons extending over parts of two successive calendar years should be indicated by the use of a solidus (forward slash):

  The 2016/17 season winter of 2016/17 fiscal year 2015/16

• Use a hyphen to indicate continuing numbers – dates, time, or reference numbers:

  2012-15 10:00-11:00 a.m.
  April-May 2017 pp. 130-155.
  From 2005 to 2016 (NOT from 1985-92)
  From 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.
  From January to July
  Between 2001 and 2004 (NOT between 2001-04)

• Spell out particular centuries:

  Twenty-first century (NOT 21st century)

• Use full number for decades:

  1990s (NOT 90s or nineties)